وعاء لمستحضرات التجميل على شكل سمكة

وعاء لمستحضرات التجميل على شكل سمكة

وعاء لمستحضرات التجميل على

وعاء لمستحضرات التجميل على شكل سمكة

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وعاء لمستحضرات التجميل على شكل سمكة

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تصوير سارة مصطفى كامل

Artefact Details

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حجرة رقم: الدور العلوي حجرة 50

التأريخ: الأسرة الثامنة عشر – الدولة الحديثة

مكان الاكتشاف: سقارة

بحجم:
الارتفاع: 9سم – العرض: 6سم – الطول: 6سم

المادة: زجاج – ألوان

يتخذ وعاء مستحضرات التجميل هذا هيئة السمكة، حيث صُمم جسدها من الزجاج الأزرق، وزُين سطحها بزجاج أزرق داكن، وأصفر، وأبيض، بالإضافة إلى خطوط بيضاء حول الفم؛ بينما زُينت العينان باللونين الأصفر، والأبيض

لمستحضرات التجميل في مصر تاريخ طويل يعود إلى العصور القديمة، حيث كانت المرأة المصرية، منذ عصور ما قبل الأسرات، تستخدم المراهم، والدهانات، والزيوت الأساسية، وتهتم بجمال ونضارة بشرتها.

قطعة من الفسيفساء عليها رأس الميدوزا

قطعة من الفسيفساء عليها رأس الميدوزا

Artefact Details

حجرة رقم: الدور الأرضي – 39

التأريخ: القرن الثالث أو الرابع الميلادي

بحجم:
الارتفاع: 33 سم – العرض: 26.5 سم.

المادة: .فيسفساء

كانت الميدوزا واحدة من الثلاث جرجونات، وكانت ابنة فوركيس وسيتو وفقًا للأساطير اليونانية، وكانت الفانية الوحيدة لأخواتها الخالدات، سثينو، ويوريلي.

تُصور الميدوزا عادةً على أنها مخلوق أنثوي مجنح جميل بشعر يتكون من الثعابين، وكانت معروفة بقدرتها على تحويل الناس إلى حجر بنظرة واحدة.

قُتلت الميدوزا على يد بيرسيوس، الذي تمكن من قتلها بفصل رأسها عن جسدها؛ ووفقًا للأسطورة نبت كريسور وبيغاسوس، ولديها من بوسيدون، من الدم الذي نزل من عنقها.

تم منح قدرات الميدوزا إلى الإلهة أثينا بعد وفاتها، التي وضعت رأسها على درعها، ولكن وفقًا لرواية أخرى من الأسطورة، تم دفن رأسها من قبل بيرسيوس، بعد أن قتلها في سوق أرجوس.

تمكن البطل هرقل من الحصول على خصلة من شعر الميدوزا، من الإلهة أثينا، وأعطاها لـستيروب، ابنة سيفيوس، كحماية لمدينة تاجيا من الهجوم.

كانت هذه الفسيفساء تُزين منتصف الأرضية لمبنى ما.

Scribe statue of Amenhotp son of Hepu

Scribe statue of Amenhotp son of Hepu

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, , reign of Amenophis III

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak

Size: H. 117 cm

Material: Granit

Seated Statue of Sennefer

Seated Statue of Sennefer

Granodiorite Seated Statue of

Seated Statue of Sennefer

Granodiorite Seated Statue of Sennefer, his Wife Senetnay and Daughter Mutnofret

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom Amenhotep II (ca. 1427-1400 BC) Aakheperure

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak

Size: H. 126 cm, W. 70 cm; H. 120 cm, W. 75 cm

Material: Granodiorite

الإلهان حورس وست يتوجان الملك رمسيس الثالث

الإلهان حورس وست يتوجان الملك رمسيس الثالث

Artefact Details

حجرة رقم: 14 بالدور الأرضي

التأريخ: الدولة الحديثة – الأسرة الثامنة عشر – الملك رمسيس الثالث

مكان الاكتشاف: مدينة هابو بطيبة

بحجم: الارتفاع: 169 سم

المادة: جرانيت أحمر

يصور هذا التمثال، الذي أُعيد بناء النصف الأيمن منه، الملك رمسيس الثالث متوجًا من الإلهين حورس (إلى اليسار)، وست (إلى اليمين).

يقف رمسيس الثالث بصلابة، مقدمًا ساقه اليسرى إلى الأمام ، وذراعيه إلى جانبيه ممسكًا بعلامة العنخ في يده اليمنى، ولفافة من القماش (؟) في يده اليسرى. يرتدي الملك التاج الأبيض (تاج مصر العليا) المُزين بالصل الملكي، ولحية  مستعارة، ونقبة بطول الركبة، حفر اسمه على حزامها.

يقف الإله حورس في نفس وضع الملك، باستثناء أن ذراعه اليسرى مرفوعة لتلمس جانب تاج الملك،  بينما يقف الإله ست في نفس وضع حورس في صورة معكوسة.

نُقش على العمود الخلفي لتمثال الملك عمودًا واحدًا من الكتابة الهيروغليفية، بينما نُقش على قاعدة التمثال المستطيلة، التي يقف عليها الثالوث، من الأمام والجانبين خط أفقي من الكتابة الهيروغليفية، كما يمتد نص عمودي من القدم اليسرى لحورس إلى مقدمة التمثال.

تمثال ضخم للملك رمسيس الثاني اغتصبه الملك مرنبتاح له

تمثال ضخم للملك رمسيس الثاني اغتصبه الملك مرنبتاح له

Artefact Details

حجرة رقم: الدور الأرضي حجرة 48

التأريخ: الأسرة التاسعة عشر – الدولة الحديثة – عصر الملك رميس الثاني

مكان الاكتشاف: معبد الإله جحوتب بالأشمونين

بحجم: الارتفاع: 458 سم

المادة: الجرانيت الأحمر

يُمثل هذا التمثال في الأصل الملك رمسيس الثاني، واقفًا، وساقه اليسرنبيه، ممسكًا بلفافة من القماش (؟) في كلتا يديه. يرتدي الملك التاج المزدوج (تاج مصر العليا والسفلى) المُزين بالصل الملكي، وغطاء الرأس النمس، وى إلى الأمام، وذراعيه إلى جااللحية الاحتفالية، ونقبة بطول الركبة.
اغتصب الملك مرنبتاح هذا التمثال، وسجل عليه اسمه وألقابه على الكتف، والصدر، والقاعدة.

Fragment of pavement

Fragment of pavement

Fragment of pavement depicting

Fragment of pavement

Fragment of pavement depicting ducks in papyrus marsh

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, Amenophis IV

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Tell El-Amarna

Size: H. 100 cm W. 160 cm

Material: Plaster

Coffin of Akhenaten

Coffin of Akhenaten

Coffin of Akhenaten Artefact

Coffin of Akhenaten

Coffin of Akhenaten

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: N/A

Place of discovery: N/A

Size: N/A

Material: N/A

Three Canopic Jars of Kiya with Human-headed Stopper

Three Canopic Jars of Kiya with Human-headed Stopper

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, Tutankhamun Nebkheperure (ca. 1336-1327 BC)

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: KV 55, Amarna Cache, Valley of the Kings

Size: H 52.90 cm , Dm 23.30 cm

Material: Calcite

Limestone Relief of Akhenaten

Limestone Relief of Akhenaten

Limestone Relief of Akhenaten,

Limestone Relief of Akhenaten

Limestone Relief of Akhenaten, Nefertiti and Two Princesses Worshipping the Aten

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten (ca. 1353-1336 BC)

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Royal Tomb Royal el-Amarna (Akhetaten) Middle Egypt

Size: H 52.00 cm W 48.00 cm D/L 8.00 cm

Material: Limestone 

Head of princess, daughter of Akhenaten

Head of princess, daughter of Akhenaten

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Tell El-Amarna

Size: H. 21 cm

Material: Quartzite

Bust of Akhenaten, Amonhotep IV

Bust of Akhenaten, Amonhotep IV

Bust of Akhenaten, Amonhotep

Bust of Akhenaten, Amonhotep IV

Bust of Akhenaten, Amonhotep IV

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 –  Ground Floor

Period: N/A

Dynasty: N/A

Place of discovery: N/A

Size: H. 140 cm

Material: Sandstone

Statue of Queen Tiye usurped by Henntawy

Statue of Queen Tiye usurped by Henntawy

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 –  Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: N/A

Place of discovery: Mut Temple, Karnak

Size: H. 160 cm – W. 44 cm

Material: Black granite

Colossus of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten

Colossus of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten

Colossus of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten

Colossus of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten

Colossus of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten in the Khat and Double Crown

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 3 –  Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, Reign of Akhenaten (1350 – 1333 BC)

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak Temple

Size: Height: 239 cm – Width: 86 cm – Length/Depth: 52 cm

Material: Sandstone

Head from statuette of Queen Tiye

Head from statuette of Queen Tiye

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 48 –  Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Serabit El-Khadim

Size: H. 206.5 cm – W. 110 cm

Material: Steatite

Seated Statue of Thutmose IV and His Mother, Tiaa

Seated Statue of Thutmose IV and His Mother, Tiaa

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 –  Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, Thutmose IV Menkheperure (ca. 1400-1390 BC)

Dynasty: N/A

Place of discovery: South Court Karnak Temple

Size: H 111.50 cm W 68.20 cm D/L 80.70 cm

Material: Granodiorite

Statue of Amenhotep II

Statue of Amenhotep II

Statue of Amenhotep II

Statue of Amenhotep II

Statue of Amenhotep II Protected by Meretseger

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 –  Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak Temple, Found in 1907

Size: H. 150 cm

Material: Granodiorite

Seated statue of Queen Isis dedicated by her son King Tuthmosis III

Seated statue of Queen Isis dedicated by her son King Tuthmosis III

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 –  Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak Cachette

Size: H. 98.5 cm – W. 25 cm  – L. 52.5 cm

Material: Granite

Statue of Amenhotep II holding offering table

Statue of Amenhotep II holding offering table

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, reign of Amenhotep II

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak Cachette

Size: H.120 cm

Material: Granite

Statues of Tuthmosis III

Statues of Tuthmosis III

Diorite Statue of Tuthmose

Statues of Tuthmosis III

Diorite Statue of Tuthmose III, Kneeling with Nu-Jars in his Hands

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, reign of Thutmose III

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Karnak Cachette

Size: H. 135 cm

Material: Diorite

Statue of Tuthmosis III, trampling nine bows.

Statue of Tuthmosis III, trampling nine bows.

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 18

Place of discovery: Karnak Cachette

Size: H 200.00 cm

Material: Greywacke

Statue of Senenmut with the Princess Nefrure

Grey Granite Block Statue of Senenmut with the Princess Nefrure

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 12 – Ground Floor

Period: New Kingdom, Hatshepsut (ca. 1473-1458 BC)

Dynasty: Dynasty 18

Place of discovery: Karnak Cachette, Excavated by G. Legrain for the EAS (Egyptian Antiquities Service) in 1904

Size: H 130.00 cm W 34.00 cm D/L 50.00 cm

Material: Grey Granite

Sarcophagus of Queen Hatshepsut

Sarcophagus of Queen Hatshepsut

Sarcophagus of Queen Hatshepsut

Sarcophagus of Queen Hatshepsut

Sarcophagus of Queen Hatshepsut

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 28 – Ground Floor

Period: N/A

Dynasty: 18th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Valley of The Kings

Size: H. 100 cm – W. 87.5 cm – L. 245 cm

Material: Sandstone

Ka statue of king AuibreHor

Ka statue of king AuibreHor

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 11 – Ground Floor

Period: Middle Kingdom

Dynasty: 13th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Dahshur

Size: 77 X 27 X 170 cm

Material: Wood, Gold Leaf and semi-precious stone

Sphinx of Amenemhat III

Sphinx of Amenemhat III

Sphinx of Amenemhat III

Sphinx of Amenemhat III

Sphinx of Amenemhat III

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 16 – Ground Floor

Period: Middle Kingdom, Reign of Amenemhet III (1831- 1786 BC)

Dynasty: 12th Dynasty

Place of discovery: Tanis

Size: H. 150 cm, L. 233 cm

Material: Gray Granite

False door with statue from tomb of Iteti

Painted Limestone False Door of Iteti Ankhiris with statue at back of niche


Artefact Details

Gallery number: 47- Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: 6th Dynasty (ca. 2345–2181 BC)

Place of discovery: Saqqara, Excavated by A. Mariette for the EAS (Egyptian Antiquities Service) in 1861

Size: Height: 315 cm, width: 210 cm

Material: Painted limestone

False door of Iteti Ankhiris, with outer lintel and jambs, slab stela, inner lintel and jambs, mat roll, and statue of the deceased. The outer lintel is uninscribed, and bears no text. On each outer jamb are three columns of text above a figure of Iteti. On the panel, Iteti sits, facing proper right, before an offering table. On the inner lintel is an offering prayer in two horizontal lines and an image of Iteti seated. On each inner jamb are six columns of text comprising an offering list above an image of Iteti standing. The name of the deceased is on the mat roll. In the central niche is a figure of Iteti carved half in the round, standing on a high threshold with his arms at his sides, holding cylindrical objects in his fists. He wears a round wig and a knee-length kilt with a pleated flap. The pigment is well preserved towards the bottom of the door.

Painted Wooden Servant Statue of Niankhpepikem

Painted Wooden Servant Statue of Niankhpepikem

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 47 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom (ca. 2345–2181 BC)

Dynasty: 6th Dynasty 

Place of discovery: Meir, Excavated for the EAS (Egyptian Antiquities Service) in 1894

Size: H. 36 cm

Material: Painted Wood

Striding statue of the porter, Niankhpepikem (“servant of Niankhpepi”), carrying a back pack (perhaps a medical bag) and a basket. The forward motion indicated by the stride illustrates his eternal portering service for his master, Niankhpepi, in whose tomb this figure was placed for such purpose. The figure of the servant is simple but well executed, dressed in a simple sheath kilt and wearing his hair, or perhaps a wig, neatly dressed in horizontal rows of short braids or twists radiating from the crown of the head. His load features a unique rendition of an ingenious carrying arrangement for one arm – a strap is attached to the right side of the pack and then is passed over the front chest and wraps tightly around the bent left arm help balance the load. The intricate decoration and bright colors of the pack and basket provide a colorful contrast to the simple figure. The pack features a leopard skin design bordered in red, white and green. The legs are pointed, a curious shape for resting the pack on the ground – perhaps they were driven into soft ground or sand to ensure stability. The basket with a colored diamond design, carefully rendered in black, white, yellow, and blue/green, has a handle; yet, our porter chooses to balance it on his right palm. Statuettes such as these were placed in tombs to ensure that the owner would enjoy all the creature comforts, such as servants, in the Afterlife as he or she had in this life – one wonders what the servants thought about this.

Head of Userkaf

Head of Userkaf

Head of Userkaf Artefact

Head of Userkaf

Head of Userkaf

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 46 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: 5th Dynasty – Reign of Userkaf (2435 – 2306 BC)

Size: Height: 38 cm

Place of discovery: Abusir – Sun temple of Userkaf

Material: Greywacke

Userkaf was the first king of the 5th Dynasty and for the first time associated a solar temple with a funerary temple and is depicted with the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. This beautiful uninscribed head, found in 1957 during the joint excavations of German and Swiss Institutes in Cairo, is one of the masterpieces of the Old Kingdom sculpture.

Sedan chair of Queen Hetepheres

Sedan chair of Queen Hetepheres

Photo by Alberto Siliotti

Artefact Details

Room number: 37 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 4, Reign of Snefru (2543-2510 BC)

Size: Height: 52 cm – Width: 52-53,5  – Length: 99 cm – Poles length: 99 cm

Place of discovery: Giza, Tomb of Hetepheres I

Material: Wood and gold leaf

Hetepheres was the wife of Snefru, the first king of the 4th Dynasty and mother of Khufu: his sedan chair with two carrying poles decorated with palmiform capitals was found by the American archeologist George Reisner in 1925.
It is the only example of this kind of chair that survived to the present day. Ebony panels with golden hieroglyphs that give the names and epithets of the queen adorn the back of the chair.

Reserve head

Reserve head

Reserve head Artefact Details

Reserve head

Reserve head

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 31 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: 4th Dynasty (2543-2436 BC)

Size: 25 cm

Place of discovery: Giza

Material: Limestone

The so-called “Reserve heads” (about thirty are known) have been found in the sarcophagus chambers of the mastabas belonging to high dignitaries at the time of the Fourth Dynasty. The function of these enigmatic sculptures made on limestone and subsequently modeled with plaster but without elements of social identification is still not clear and in this regard, there are several theories: representations of the tomb-owner, alternate home for the spirit of the deceased, magical purposes but there are no proofs.

Meidum Geese

Meidum Geese

Wall Painting of geese

Meidum Geese

Wall Painting of geese ("Meidum Geese")

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 32 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 4, Reign of Snefru (ca. 2575-2551 BC)

Size: Height: 29 cm, Length: 174 cm

Place of discovery: Meidum, Mastaba of Nefermaat

Material: Paint on plaster

Many tombs from ancient Egypt were plastered and painted. This technique was faster and more economical than relief-carving on stone and high-quality stone was not necessary for the production of high-quality works of art. This particular panel is exceptional in the skill in which it was painted. The scene contains six geese in two groups of three depicted in a garden. The plumage is beautifully rendered. Two different species of geese are accurately represented.
This painting is part of a larger scene in a tomb, the remains of which support the fact that this painting is genuine.

Statue of Seneb and his Family

Statue of Seneb and his Family

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 32 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Late Dynasty 5 – Early Dynasty 6
(24th – 23rd Century BC)

Size: H. 43 cm, W. 22,5 cm

Place of discovery: Giza, Tomb of Seneb

Material: Painted Limestone

This group statue of Seneb and his family was found in a naos in his mastaba tomb in Giza. Seneb is represented seated, with his legs crossed, beside his wife who embraces him affectionately. His wife is of normal height. For the sake of the symmetry of the composition, the sculptor carves the couple’s two children where Seneb’s legs would have been, had he been of the same height as his wife. The children are represented naked, with their index fingers in their mouths–the standard manner in which children were typically depicted in art. The boy is seen on the viewer’s left, wearing a sidelock of youth and depicted in a darker skin than his sister’s, who stands on his left. The sidelock of youth was typically worn by male children and was cut off at puberty.

The inscriptions on the base and the front of the seat tell us that Seneb was the funerary priest of the deceased kings Khufu and Djedefra, and in charge of the royal wardrobe.

Seneb’s tomb is very interesting, for it has the first ceiling dome over a square chamber.

Rahotep and Nofret

Rahotep and Nofret

Rahotep and Nofret Artefact

Rahotep and Nofret

Rahotep and Nofret

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 32 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 4, Reign of Snofru (ca. 2613-2589 BC)

Size: Height of Rahotep 121 cm;
Height of Nofret 122 cm

Place of discovery: Mastaba of Rahotep, Meidum

Material: Painted Limestone, eyes inlaid with rock-crystal, calcite and outlined with copper

These two statues represent prince Rahotep–son of Snofru and brother of Khufu–and his wife Nofret. They were created during the transitional period between the Third and Fourth Dynasties and are very good illustrations of the strict canons that governed the art of this period in Egyptian history. The two statues are very frontal and idealized, since they represented how the deceased figures wished to appear in the afterlife. Rahotep is painted reddish-brown, the colour men were customarily represented with, since they spent a great deal of time in the sun. Nofret is depicted in a pale yellowish colour, as most women were represented in ancient Egypt. Their pose is very typical of this time in ancient Egyptian history. The colours on these statues are extremely well preserved. This and their very realistic eyes, inlaid with rock-crystal, calcite, and outlined with copper make these statues among the most impressive pieces in the Egyptian Museum.

Statuette of Khufu (Cheops)

Statuette of Khufu (Cheops)

Statuette of Khufu (Cheops)

Statuette of Khufu (Cheops)

Statuette of Khufu (Cheops)

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 37 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 4, Reign of Khufu (ca. 2589 – 2566 BC)

Size: Height: 7,5 cm Lenght: 2,5

Place of discovery: Abydos (Upper Egypt) – Temple of Osiris at Kom el-Sultan

Material: Ivory

This small statue found in 1903 by the British archeologist Sir William Flinders Petrie is the only known three-dimensional representation of King Khufu (called by the Greeks Cheops), the builder of the Great Pyramid at Giza. Khufu is represented seated on a throne wearing the crown of Lower Egypt  (damaged) and holding a flail in his right hand. On the right side of the throne is carved his name: Khufu is the abbreviated form of “Khnum-khuefui” (Khnum protects me).

Scribe statue CG 36

Scribe statue CG 36

Scribe statue CG 36

Scribe statue CG 36

Scribe statue CG 36

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 42 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 5 (ca. 2465-2323 BC)

Size: Height 51 cm

Place of discovery: Saqqara

Material: Painted Limestone; Eyes: Rock Crystal, Calcite, Copper

During the Old Kingdom officials often commissioned statues for their tombs depicting themselves as scribes. Only a small percentage of the population was literate and therefore the ability to read and write opened up possibilities for economic and social advancement. Individuals desired to retain their status in the afterlife and so they were careful to include images in their tombs that reflected their status and their abilities. The standard scribal pose includes the legs crossed beneath a partially spread roll of papyrus. The right hand is positioned to hold a reed pen. Those who were literate possessed the power to make something exist by putting it into writing or by repeating written words. Repetition of the offering lists in a tomb would magically supply the deceased with all that they desired.

This exceptionally beautiful scribe statue is uninscribed; the name of the subject, therefore, remains unknown. This piece is skillfully sculpted. The facial features are well modeled and, unlike most stone statues, the arms are freed from the torso. The right hand would have been holding a reed pen, while the left holds the papyrus roll.

This iconic statue is currently the logo of the Faculty of Arts, Cairo University and has also inspired the logo of the Cairo International Book Fair.

Statue of Khafre

Statue of Khafre

Statue of Khafre Artefact

Statue of Khafre

Statue of Khafre

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 42 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 4, Reign of Khafre (ca.2472-2448 BC)

Size: Height 168 cm

Place of discovery: Giza, Valley Temple of Khafre

Material: Diorite

This beautiful statue of King Khafre (called by the Greeks Khefren) is not only one of the masterpieces of the Egyptian Museum but one of the most important sculptures of ancient Egypt. The statue was found by Auguste Mariette in 1860 during his excavations in the Valley Temple of Khafre’s pyramid complex near the Great Sphinx and was one of about 23 identical statues. The king is represented with the names headdress with a uraeus (cobra) seated on a cubic throne decorated on the two sides with the symbol to the unity of Upper and Lower Egypt called sema-tawy. Behind his head, a falcon, a symbol of the god Horus, spread his wings in a gesture of protection.

Statue of Ka-aper

Statue of Ka-aper

Statue of Ka-aper Artefact

Statue of Ka-aper

Statue of Ka-aper

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 42 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Dynasty 5, Reign of Userkaf (ca. 2435-2429 BC)

Size: Height 112 cm

Place of discovery: Saqqara, Mastaba of Ka-aper

Material: Wood; Eyes: Rock crystal, calcite, copper, black stone

This is one of the very few wooden statues survived to the present day. Found by Auguste Mariette in 1870 the statue, originally covered by a coat of painted plaster, represent with extreme realism the corpulent chief lector priest Ka-aper with his left foot forward, and holding a staff (now substituted with a copy) in his left hand. His eyes are inlaid with calcite, quartz, and black stone to make a like-life model.

Menkaure Triad

Menkaure Triad

Triad of Menkaure between

Menkaure Triad

Triad of Menkaure between Hathor and the Theban god

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 47 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: 4th Dynasty, reign of Menkaure (Mycerinos) (2447-2448 BC)

Place of discovery: Giza, Valley Temple of Menkaure

Dimension:  Height Between 92.5 cm and 95.5 cm

Material: Grey-green Schist

There are three statuary groups called triads (three figures) showing Menkaure with the White Crown of Upper Egypt between the goddess Hathor and the personification of one of the provinces (called nomoi) of the Upper Egypt with his respective emblem. These triads, superbly sculpted in a single block of stone and originally painted in bright colours, were found intact by the archeologist George Reisner in the valley temple of the Menkaure’s pyramid in the year 1908.

Statuette of a woman preparing beer

Statuette of a woman preparing beer

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 47 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: 5th Dynasty – (ca. 2494-2345 BC)

Place of discovery: Giza, Excavated by S. Hassan for the Egyptian University in 1929

Size: height: 26,7 cm, width: 10 cm

Material: Painted limestone

Painted limestone statue of a female brewer. The woman is shown in a shoulder-length wig with her natural hair visible across the forehead, a broad collar, and a calf-length skirt that leaves her torso bare. The wig is painted black, the collar blue and white, and the kilt white; her skin is a light reddish brown. She bends forward from the hips over a large ovoid vat with a ridged base and rim, painted a red-brown, into which she immerses her hands; a screen has been left between the brewer and the vat. Both vat and woman are carved on an integral oval base. The sculpture is in good condition, with some pitting and loss to the pigment. There are chips missing from the base.

Statue of Hetepdief

Statue of Hetepdief

Statue of Hetepdief Artefact

Statue of Hetepdief

Statue of Hetepdief

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 43 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Late 2nd Dynasty (2730 – 2590 BC ca)

Size: Height: 39 cm

Place of discovery: Memphis

Material: Red Granite

Image Gallery

Hetepdief was a funerary priest under the reign of the first three kings of the Second Dynasty, Hetepsekhemuy, Raneb, and Nynetjer: their names are engraved on the back of his shoulder within the serekh. This is the first private statue with the earliest lines of extended text. Hetepdjef is represented with an innovative and unusual pose, kneeling in an attitude of praying or as a sign of reverence toward the kings.

Statue representing King Djoser

Statue representing King Djoser

Statue representing King Djoser

Statue representing King Djoser

Statue representing King Djoser

Artefact Details

Gallery number: 46 – Ground Floor

Period: Old Kingdom

Dynasty: Third Dynasty, Reign of Djoser (2592 – 2566 BC)

Size: 142×45,3×95,5 cm

Place of discovery: Saqqara

Material: Painted Limestone

Statue representing King Djoser, the first ruler of the Third Dynasty and owner of the Step Pyramid in the Saqqara necropolis seated on his throne. This statue, originally painted, is the oldest know life-size statue in Egypt and has been found during the excavations of the Egyptian Antiquities Service in the years 1924-25 inside the serdab (Arabic name for «cellar»)  located on the east side of the Step Pyramid and now replaced by a plaster replica. The ancient robbers removed the eyes that were originally inlaid with rock crystal and obsidian. The pedestal is inscribed with the titles of the king and his Horus name Netjerkhet «His body is divine» in hieroglyphic text.